Machinery for jointing or finishing stave-blanks for casks.



Patented June 24, I902.

A. DUNBAR. v MACHINERY FOR JOINTING 0R FINISHING STAVE BLAIIKS FOB GASKS.

(Application medium 12, 1897.\

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No. 702,932. .Patented June 24, I902.

I A. DUNBAR.

MACHINERY FOR JOINTING 0R FINISHING STAVE BLANKS FOB CASKS.

(Application filed June 12, 1897.!

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Patbnted June 24, 19.02.

A. DUNBAR. MACHINERY FOR JDINTING 0R FINISHING STAVE BLA'NKS FUR CASKS.

(Application filed June 12, 1897.)

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No. 702,932. Patented -l'une 24, I902. A. DUNBAB.

MACHINERY FUR HUNTING 0R FINlSHiNG STAVE BLANKS FOR CASKS.

(Application lfiled June 12, 1897.)

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No. 702,932. Patented June 24, I902.

A. DUNBAB.

MACHINERY FOB JOINTING UR FINISHING STAVE BLANKS FUR CASKS.

Application filed June 12, 1897.)

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(No Model.)

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No. 702,932. Patented lune 24, |902.

A. DUNBAB.

MACHINERY FOB JOINTING UR FINISHING STAVE BLAIIKS FUR GASKS.

(Applied-ion filed .n'me 12, 1897.

(No Model.)

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No. 702,932. Patented June 24, I902.

A. DUNBAB. MACHINERY FOB JOINTING 0B FINISHING STAVE BLAN KS FORGASKS.

(Application mud'aune 12, 1897.)

(No Model.)

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ncmuzfiv' FOB Jonmue OB FINISHING STAVE BLANKS FOR cAsKs.

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No. 702,932. Pa tentad June 24, I902.

A. DUNBAR.

MACHINERY FOB JOINTIIIG 0B FINISHING STAVE BLAIIKS FOR CASKSI (Application filed June 12,1597.)

(No Model.) l0 Sheets-Shani 9.

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Patented June 24, I902.

. A. DUN BAR. MACHINERY FDR JOlNTING 0B FINISHING 'STAVEBLA NKS FDR GASKS.

(Application filed-June 12, 1897.)

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WITNESSES UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER DUNBAR, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

MACHiNERY FOR .IOINTING 0R FINISHING STAVE-BLANKS FOR CASKS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 702,932, dated June 24, 1902.

Application filed June 12, 1897. Serial No. 640,502. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER DUNBAR, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machinery for Jointing or Finishing Stave-Blanks for Casks, (for which I have obtained patents in Great Britain, No. 5,000, hearing date March 8,1893; in France, No. 236,129, hearing date February 8, 1894:; in Belgium, No. 108,661, bearing date February 10, 1894; in Germany, No. 82,780, bearing date March 2, 1894; in Spain, No. 15, 187, bearing date February 5, 1894:; in Italy, No. 35,785, bearing date February 19, 1894:; in Austria, No. 3,198, bearing date July 13, 1894; in Hungary, No. 4,517, hearing date November 7, 1895, and in Portugal, No. 2,067, hearing date January 20, 1896,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machinery for beveling and longitudinally curving, commonly known as jointing, the edges of staves to be afterward built up into casks, andis of that class in which a stave is clamped to a reciprocating frame and is carried thereby between pairs of rotating cutters.

The clamping devices are of any convenient kind, operated by hand or mechanism, and the frame is reciprocated to and fro in any suitable way, preferably by connecting- -rods attached to levers operated by cams.

The stave is pushed onto the reciprocating frame by levers and rods operated by the gear which reciprocates the frame; but no claim will be made to any particular arrangement of either the clamping, reciprocating, or pushing mechanism, as various forms may be used, according to circumstances. Two pairs of laterally-movable cutters are used, one pair commencing their out near the center of the stave and finishing at one end, the other pair commencing their cut at the other end of the stave and finishing near the center. The templets which regulate the lateral motion of the cutters are adjusted in position during the inward travel of the reciprocating frame by means of automatic devices, hereinafter described, put into action primarily bya pair of feelers, between which the center of the stave is placed before being pushed onto the reciprocating frame. Near the end of the inward travel of the frame when the templets have been adjusted and the adjusting mechanism automatically stopped the stave is pushed from between the feelers onto the reciprocating frame and clamped thereon and on the outward travel thereof carried between the cutters. The stave is removed at the end-of the outward travel of the frame.

The objects of the invention are, first, to provide guides for accurately centering the staves; second, to make the said guides adjustable laterally; third, to provide automatic gearing for regulating the opening-and-closing motion of the cutters according to the width of stave being acted on; fourth, to allow of the accurate jointing of staves for casks of various heights of bilge, and, fifth, to so arrange the cutter-spindles that the cutters shall act on the stave angularly, both in the transverse and longitudinal directions, so as to make a clean joint without any tearing of the fibers of the wood. I attain these objects by mechanism such as is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figures 1 and 1 are a plan of so much of a stave-jointing machine as is necessary to illustrate my invention. Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the entire machine. Figs. 2 and 2 are side elevations of the machine. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line A A in Fig. 1, parts being broken away for clearer showing. Figs. 3 and 3 are detail views of the controlling-catches of the clutch-operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is an end elevation at B B on Fig. 1 Fig. 4 is a detail view of the variable lever of the templetadjusting mechanism. Fig. 5 is a detail view of parts at the line C O on Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail view of parts at the line D D on Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detail view of parts at the line E E on Fig. 1. Fig. 8 is a detail view of parts at the line F F on Fig.1. of parts at the line G G on Fig. 1. Fig. 10 is a detail View of parts at the line H H on Fig. 1. Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views, in plan and elevation, respectively, of the first staveguides. Fig. 13 is a detail view of one pair of the second stave-guides. Figs. 14 and 15 are face and edge views, respectively, of the cam for operating parts of the clutch mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a detail view On the drawings, 1 represents four rotary I cutters mounted in spindles carried in bearings attached to slides 2 2, movable to and fro on the main frame transversely. The slide 2 also carries roller 3, acting against templets at, movably secured to the movable frame 5, by which means the cutters 1 can be gradually moved in and out to the required extent to cut the edges of a stave 6 to the proper curvature.

2 is a lever pivoted on the main frame and having one end secured to the slide 2 and the other end connected by a rod 2 to the other slide 2, so that both slides are caused to move simultaneously in opposite directions.

The frame 5 is formed of two side pieces passing freely through openings in the slides 2 2 and connected at the ends by end pieces and is movable to and fro longitudinally on slideways in the main frame in any usual manner or by means hereinafter described.

7 represents a pair of guides each consist- I ing of two arms connected at one end and mounted on pivots 9. The outer ends of the arms bear against a stave and direct it in the proper central position onto the supportingbars 8, which are carried on the frame 5. The outer arms of the guides 7 keep the stave straight after it has passed the inner arms. The pivots 9 are carried on a movable bar 10.

7v represents three 4 pairs of guides positioned on each side of the supporting-bars 8, but not connected nor traveling therewith, for keeping the stave in central position laterally, so that the stave may be equally acted on on both sides by the cutters 1. The guides 7 a are mounted on pivots 9, which are carried on the bar 10.

The guides 7 are caused to move in unison by means of toothed quadrants 11, attached thereto and engaging with each other, and such guides are drawn toward closed position to press on each edge of the stave by springs or weights connected to the guides in any convenient way. (See Figs. 1, 1, 1 andll.) The guides 7 are also caused to move in unison by similar quadrants 11 and are also held toward closed position by springs or weights. (See Figs. 1 2*, and 13.)

The bar is carried at or near each end on slide-blocks free to more in slideways 12,

which areattached to the main frame of the machine, so that the bar 10, and with it the guides 7 and 7 can, be moved laterally by means of screws 13, takinginto nuts fixed on the bar 10. The screws 13 are operated by bevel-gear 14, a shaft 14, bevel-gear 14:, a shaft 14, and a hand-wheel 14 (See Figs. 1, 1, and 1".) By this means the guides 7 and 7 can be accurately adjusted, so as to guide the stave centrally between the cutters or if it is desired to cut a little more ofi": one side of a stave than off the other the guides 7 and 7 can by turning the hand-Wheel 14 be adjusted laterally, so as to direct the uncut stave with its longitudinal axis a little to one side of central position between the cutters 1. Any convenient means other than screws and bevel-gearing, such as a rockshaft and levers, may be used, if desired, t give lateral motion to the bar 10.

15 represents a pair of feelers or stops each pivoted on a bracket attached to part of the main framing. These feelers are geared together by means of toothed quadrants 15, (see Figs. 1 and 5,) so as to move simultaneously in opposite directions, and they are held toward closed position by springs or weights, similarly to the guides 7 7. The feelers are moved apartwhen a stave is placed between their upper ends at the center of its width,which, as hereinafter described, causes the templets 4 to be automatically adjusted, so that the cutters 1 will receive lateral motion corresponding to the width of the stave. One of the feelers is connected by a link 16 to one arm of a bell-crank lever 17, pivoted or fulcrumed at 17 on a bar 18, which is affiXed to a block 19, which block is movable by means of the screwed rod 20 in slideways secured to the main frame. The other arm of the bell-crank lever 17 has an opening therein through which projects from below a lever or arm 21, one end of which is secured to a rock-shaft 22. The upper end of the arm 21 passes through a hole in a bar 21 which bar is free to slide and turn in brackets 17", attached to the arm of the lever 17. (See Figs. 1 and. 6.) A positive connection is thus made between the arm 21 and the lever 17 sufficiently flexible to allow of easy movement both of the arm 21 and lever 17; but any other suitable universal joint may be used for connecting the arm 21 and lever 17. The rock-shaft 22, situate below the lever 17, is carried in bearings 22, secured to the main frame, and has an arm 23 secured thereto.

2st represents rods pivoted to the outer end of the arm 23.

represents levers pivoted on brackets attached to the main frame and have prolongations formed as catches 26 26, the purpose of which is hereinafter described. The rods 24 have slotted ends, and one of them incloses the upper end of the lever 25, carrying the catch 26, while the end of the other rod incloses the end of a lever 25, pivoted on the same bracket which carries the levers 25. One end of the lever 25 is connected by a link to the lever carrying the catch 26, so as to cause such catch to move in a reverse direction to the catch 26. (See Figs. 1, 3, 8, 3", 6, and 7.) As the shaft 22 is rocked by the bell-crank lever 17 and arm 21 the catches 26 26 are moved one inwardly and the other outwardly, according as the lever 17is moved to one or the other side of neutral position corresponding to the width of stave placed between the feelers 15.

Lateral motion is given to the templets 4 by means of a link 27, pivotally connected at one end to the inner ends of the templets, and links 27, pivotally connected to the outer ends of the templets. The other end-s of the links 27 27 are pivotally connected to arms 28 28, respectively. (See Figs. 1, 4, and 4.) The connection of the link 27 to the arm 28 is made through a block 28', to which one end of the link is attached, the block being free to slide in a slot in the arm 28 and being adjustable by means of a set-screw 28, (see Figs. 4,) so that greater extent of motion can be given to the inner ends of the templets 4 than to the outer ends, such greater extent of motion being variable by means of the adjustable sliding block 28", according to the height of bilge required in the cask. The arms 28 28 are movably secured to a rockshaft 29 by means of feather-keys, so that such arms are free to slide longitudinally on such rock-shaft, but are constrained to rotate therewith.

29 represents collars surrounding the rockshaft 29 on each side of each of the arms 28 28 and carried by brackets attached to the movable frame 5. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) The collars cause the arms 28 28 to slide along the rock-shaft correspondingly to the to-andfro motion of the frame 5. One end of the rock-shaft 20 is carried in a bearing 29, attached to the main frame, (see Fig. 1,) so that such shaft can be rocked, but cannot move longitudinally. Rocking motion is communicated to the rock-shaft by means of an arm 30 secured thereto and pivotally connected by an adjustable link 30 to the block 19, (see Fig. 5,) which, as before mentioned, is movable by means of the screwed rod 20 engaging therewith.

The rod 20 is carried at each end in bearings attached to the main frame. (See Fig. 1.) Rotary motion is given to the rod 20 by means of the gear-wheel 31,which gears with the pinion 32, secured on the shaft 32. (See Fig. 5.) The shaft 32 is supported in bearings attached to the main frame, and such shaft carries two loose pulleys 33 33, which are caused to revolve in opposite directions by means of straight and crossed belts 34 34, respectively, which may be operated from any convenient part of the machinery.

35 35 are clutches free to slide on featherkeys on the shaft 32 and to engage with the pulleys 33 33, so that the shaft 32 may be revolved in either direction, according to the clutch that is in gear with its corresponding pnlley. Thereby, through the pinion 32, gearwheel 31, and rod 20, the block 19, and with it the fulcrum 17 of the bell-crank lever 17, is moved in one direction or the other.

35 35 are yokes for moving the clutches 35 35 into or out of engagement with their respective pulleys. The yokes 35 35are secured on rock-shafts 36 36, (see Figs. 3 and 5,) supported at each end in bearings carried on the main frame.

37 37 are arms secured to the rock-shafts 36 36, respectively. (See Figs. 3 and 10.)

38 38 are springs attached to the outer ends of the arms 37 37, respectively, and to the main frame, thus always tending to rock the shafts 36 36 in the direction that the 43 43 are weighted levers, pivoted on a shaft attached to the main frame, such levers near their outer ends normally resting on arms 44 44, secured to rock-shafts 45 45, respectively, which-are supported in bearings attached to the main frame. (See Figs. 3 and 6.) The levers 43 43 thus tend to rock the shafts 45 45, so that other arms 46 46, secured, respectively, to the rock-shafts 45 45, (see Figs. 1, 3, and 8,) bear against arms 47 47 secured to the rock-shafts 36 36, respectively, and thereby rock such shafts 36 36',-so as to keep the clutches 35 35 out of gear with their pulleys at the required times.

48 48 are arms secured to the rock-shafts 45 45, the outer ends of the arms being atattached to the springs 38 38, respectively, thus always tending to rock the shafts 45 45, so that the arms 44 44 shall be raised.

The weighted levers 43 43 are provided with arms 43 43, respectively, which bear against the cams 40 40, and with arms 43 43, which by means of the cams 4O 40, acting on the arms 43 43, can be'lifted into position to be engaged by catch-levers 49 49, respectively, pivoted on the main frame. (See Figs. 3, 3, 3, and 6.) 1

5O 50 are pins or projections on the outer sides of the cams 40 40, respectively. (See Figs. 1,3, and 9'.)

At the same time that the arms 43 43 are lifted the pins 50 50 act against levers 51 51, pivoted on the same shaft as the levers 43 43.

52 52 are weighted arms, each pivoted at one end to the main framing and provided with a projection 52 or 52, respectively. (See Figs. 3, 3, 3".) The levers 51 51 raise the weighted arms 52 52 into position in which the projections 52 52 can be engaged by the catches 26 26, respectively. Only one catch can engage its corresponding projection at one time,according to the motion commu nicated to the catches by the bell-crank lever 17,as before described. If the lever 17 is in central or neu tral position, neither of the catches 26 26 comes into engagement.

As the shaft 42 revolves the arms 43 43 become free from the to fall upon the corresponding catch-lever 49.

or 49, thereby releasing the corresponding arm 43 or 43 and allowing the Weighted lever 43 or 43 to drop on the arm 44 or 44, respectively, thus keeping the corresponding clutch.

35 or 35 out of gear with-the pulleys 33 33, as

before described. The other weighted lever 43 or 43, being held up by the other arm 43 or 43, engaging with the catch 49 or 49, upon which the arm 52 or 52 has been prevented from falling by the catch 26 or 26, does not drop on the corresponding arm 44 or 44. Consequently the correspondingclutch 35 or 35 is when the arm 39 or 39 becomes free from the cam 41 or 41 forced into gear with its pulley 33 or 33 by means of the spring 38 or 38, thus giving motion in one or other direction to the shaft 32, and thereby to the block 19 and templets 4, as before described. The movement of the block 19 also gives motion by means of the bar 18 to the pivot or fulcrum 17 of the bell-crank lever 17 in such way that when the templets 4 have arrived at the position corresponding to the width ofthe stave placed between the feelers 15 the bell-crank lever 17, and consequently the catches 26 26, are moved into central or neutral position, thereby freeing the weighted arm 52 or 52, that was held up by its catch 26 or 26, and allowing it to fall on the catch-lever 49 or 49, thus releasing the arm 43 or 43 and allowing the weighted lever 43 or 43 to drop onto the arm 44 or 44, thereby knocking the corresponding clutch 35 or 35 out of gear with its pulley and allowing the templets to remain in the same position so long as staves of equal width are placed between the feelers 15. NVhen astave of diiferent width is placed between the feelers 15, the cycle of operations willbe repeated and the templets 4 moved correspondingly.

53 is gear for giving motion through the bolts 34 34 to the pulleys 33 33.

54 is the main driving-gear.

55 represents cams on the driving-shaft 42, acting alternately against rollers 55 and 55, carried in yokes 55, pivotally attached to levers 55, which levers are connected to the movable frame 5 by links 55, so that reciprocating motion can be given thereto.

56 is a push-piece operated from the levers 55 by links 57, levers 58, slotted links 59, levers 60, and rods 61 to push a stave from between the feelers 15 onto the bars 8. (See Figs. 1 and 1 The slides 2 2, carrying the bearings of the cutter-spindles, are so arranged at an angle, as shown, that the cutters act on the edges of a stave angularly as regards the longitudinal axis as well as the transverse axis.

The action of the apparatus is as follows: A stave is placed between the feelers 15, thus by means of thelink 16 moving the bell-crank 17, thereby rocking the shaft 22 and moving the catch 26 inwardly into position to engage and retain the weighted arm 52, which has been raised by the lever 51, operated by the pin 50 on the cam 40. The retaining of the arm 52 prevents the release of the arm 43 from the catch-lever 49, the arm 43 having been raised by the arm 43, operated by the cam 40. The weighted lever 43 is thereby prevented from dropping on the arm 44, thus allowing the spring 38 to rock the shaft 36, so as to force the clutch 35 into gear with the pulley 33, the motion of which is thereby com municated to the shaft 32, and by the gear 31 32 the screwed rod 20 is rotated, so as to move the block 19, bell-crank fulcrum 17, and templet4 outwardly. WVhen the fulcrum 17 has been moved so far that the bell-crank lever 17 has returned to central or neutral position, the templets 4 have also arrived at a point at which they will move the cutters to the proper distance corresponding to the width of stave between the feelers. The catch 26 has also moved outward to central position, thus freeing the arm 52 and allowing it to fall on the catch 49 and release the arm 43, thus permitting the weighted lever 43 to drop on the arm 44 and rock the shaft 45, so as by means of the arms 46 47 to rock the shaft 36 and knock the clutch 35 out of gear with its pulley 33. The templets 4 then remain at rest. When the frame 5 has reached nearly the end of its travel toward the feelers 15, the stave is pushed by the pusher 56 from between the feelers 15 through between the guides 7 and 7 onto the supporting-bars 8, attached to the frame 5, in which position the stave is secured by weighted levers or other devices in any usual manner. The pusher 56 reaches the end of its stroke at the same time that the frame 5reaches the end of its inward travel. The frame 5 then moves backward, carrying the stave 6 with it past the cutters 1, which cut the edges of the stave to the desired angle, the templets 4 moving the cutters out and in to give the proper curve. By the angular arrangement of the cutter-spindles a clean edge is made on the stave without any splintering or tearing of the fibers of the wood. When the frame 5 reaches the end of its outward travel, the stave is released and removed in the usual manner. If the next stave placed between the feelers 15 is of the same width as the previous one, the lever 17 is not moved and no alteration takes place in the position of the templets. If the next stave is wider, the lever 17 is again moved out of neutral position and the same catches, levers, and clutch, as next before mentioned, come into action again and the templets 4 are moved still farther out. If the stave is narrower than the previous one, the feelers 15 close toward each other till they bear on the edges of the staves, the lever 17 is moved out of neutral position, but in the contrary direction, the other set of catches, levers, and clutch come into operation, and the templets 4 are moved inwardly, so that the cutters are brought closer together to correspond to the less width of the stave.

I claim- 1. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a bar laterally movable in slides on the main frame, pairs of stave-guides pivoted to the movable bar, toothed quadrants connecting each pair of guides, and means for continuously pressing the ends of each pair of guides toward each other; substantially as described.

2. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and with ends arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, cutter-templets, reversible mechanism connected with the feelers and the templets for adjusting the templets, and cutters guided by the templets; substantially as described.

3. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, a lever mounted on a movable fulcrum, one end of said lever being connected to one of the pair of feelers, adjustable cutter-templets, adjusting mechanism operating in conjunction with the other end of said lever for adjusting the cutter-templets and movable fulcrum either in or out, and opposite cutters guided by the templets substantially as described. I

4. In combination with stave-jointing machinery, a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, templets arranged to guide the cutters, reversible adjusting mechanism connecting the feelers with the templets for adjusting the templets, part of such mechanism being variable to alter the motion of the inner ends of the templets relatively to the outer ends; substantially as described.

5. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, a lever mounted on a movable fulcrum and connected by one arm to one of the feelers, a lever mounted on a rockshaft and connected to the movably-mounted lever by a universal joint, catches operated from the rock-shaft to hold or release Weighted arms, catch-levers arranged to be struck by the Weighted arms,arms connected to Weighted levers arranged to be held or released by the catch-levers, a rock-shaft having arms arranged to be struck by the Weighted levers and arms for operating clutches on a rotatable shaft, pulleys adapted to be engaged by the clutches for rotating the shaft, and gearing connected with the shaft for adjusting the movable fulcrum and cutter-templets; substantially as described.

6. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, a lever mounted on a 'movable fulcrum, movable cutters, movable templets controlling the cutters, a rock-shaft carrying arms free to slide longitudinally on such shaft but oscillating therewith, connections from the sliding arms to the templets, afixed arm on the rock-shaft and a connection therefrom to the movable fulcrum to oscillate the shaft, a connection from oneend of the 'movably-mounted lever to one of the pair of feelers, and mechanism connected with the other end of the said lever for adjusting the mov able fulcrum; substantially as described.

7. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, a lever mounted on a movable fulcrum, movable cutters, movable templets controlling the cutters, a rock-shaft carrying arms free to slide longitudinally on such shaft but oscillating therewith, one of such arms having an adjustable block, a connection from the adjustable block to the inner ends of the templets, connections from the other sliding arms to the outer ends of the templets, a fixed arm on the rock-shaft and a connection therefrom to the movable fulcrum to oscillate the shaft, a connection from one end of the movably-mounted'lever to one of the pair of feelers, and mechanism connected with the other end of the said lever for adjusting the movable fulcrum; substantially as described. 4 J

8. In combination with stave-jointing machinery a pair of feelers geared together and arranged to press only on the center of the edges of a stave, movable cutters controlled by movable templets, mechanism for adj usting the templets, mechanism movable out of neutral position by the feelers to put into action the templet-adjusting mechanism,and connections from the templet-adj ustin g mechanism to the feeler mechanism to restore said mechanism to neutral position substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 1st day of June, 1897.

ALEXANDER DUNBAR. Witnesses:

W. B. JOHNSON, I. RIOHM'AN. 

